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Beyond the Code: Who Really Controls Diella, Albania’s First AI Minister?
Diella Fist AI Minister for Public Procurement Albania
In September 2025, Albania made history — and stirred global controversy — by appointing an artificial intelligence system named Diella as its Minister for Public Procurement. Developed by the National Agency for Information Society (AKSHI), Diella evolved from a virtual assistant on the e-Albania platform into a cabinet-level figure tasked with overseeing public tenders. Prime Minister Edi Rama hailed her as a “100% corruption-free” solution to one of Albania’s most entrenched problems. But behind the fanfare lies a deeper reckoning: What does it mean to hand a core function of democratic governance to an algorithm?
Diella is designed to evaluate tenders based on merit, free from bribery, nepotism, or emotional influence. Rama claims this will make Albania “a country where public tenders are 100% incorruptible and every public fund...100% legible”. The move aligns with Albania’s push for EU accession by 2030, where transparency in procurement is a key benchmark.
Yet as legal scholar Dr. Arta Dervishi warns, “Efficiency is not a substitute for legitimacy. An AI cannot be held morally or legally accountable — and that’s a democratic blind spot.”Albania’s constitution requires ministers to be “mentally competent citizens.” Diella, a digital entity, may not qualify. If she makes a costly error, who answers in court — the developers, the supervising minister, or no one at all?
Albania's Prime Minister Edi Rama
Algorithms reflect their creators. Without independent audits, Diella’s decisions could embed past corrupt patterns rather than eliminate them. As AI ethicist Dr. Ivana Petrović notes, “Transparency isn’t just about outputs — it’s about the logic, data, and values baked into the system.” Is Diella a genuine reform or a PR stunt? Critics argue she could become a scapegoat for human decisions, shielding ministers from blame while preserving old power structures.
"Diella," which means "Sun" in Albanian.
AI is not immune to bias. If training data reflects favouritism or flawed inputs, Diella could reinforce inequality. Worse, malicious actors might exploit backdoors or manipulate oversight. Replacing elected officials with algorithms risks turning governance into technocracy. “Democracy is about debate, dissent, and accountability,” says political theorist Prof. Luan Berisha. “An AI cannot represent citizens — it can only simulate neutrality.”
Procurement involves judgment, negotiation, and local nuance. Can Diella truly grasp the human stakes of a school renovation or a hospital contract? If citizens perceive Diella as a façade or witness a high-profile failure, trust in both AI and government could collapse. Transparency International ranks Albania 80th for corruption perception — a fragile foundation for such a bold experiment.
Albania
If successful, Diella could revolutionize procurement, saving money and restoring public faith. She might even accelerate Albania’s EU bid and inspire reforms abroad. But success hinges on robust legal frameworks, independent audits, and clear lines of accountability. Without these, Diella risks becoming a digital fig leaf — masking corruption rather than uprooting it.
As Konrad Wolfenstein writes, “An algorithm cannot be bribed — but it can be programmed to look the other way”. Diella is not just a tool. She’s a test — of whether technology can serve democracy without replacing it. The world is watching. The question is not whether Diella can speak, but whether anyone will answer for what she says. “Would you trust an AI to govern your country? Share your thoughts below — the debate is just beginning.”
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